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IELTS Reading: 语句配对题

要求你用语句匹配名字。对于这类问题，我将推荐3件与我的正常建议相矛盾的事情：

首先，浏览整篇文章，在名字下面划线。我通常不推荐扫描，因为学生们扫描太快的时候往往会错过答案。然而，扫描人名应该很容易。

第二，在所有的问题中划出关键词。我通常建议每次只做一个问题，但我打破了任何涉及到匹配的问题的“规则”。

最后，我不从文章开头(我通常的方法)开始阅读，而是建议从伴随最小信息量的名字开始。例如，在今天的练习中，我将从阅读卡尔·马克思的部分开始——只有一句话!阅读这句话，并与问题语句进行比较，像往常一样寻找相似的关键词。
试着遵循以下三个步骤来完成下面的练习。

A utopia is a community or society possessing highly desirable or perfect qualities. The word was coined in Greek by Sir Thomas More for his 1516 book Utopia, describing a fictional island society in the Atlantic Ocean. Chronologically, the first recorded utopian proposal is Plato’s Republic. It proposes a categorization of citizens into a rigid class structure of "golden," "silver," "bronze" and "iron" socioeconomic classes.

In the early 19th century, several “utopian socialist” ideas arose, in response to the belief that social disruption was created by the development of commercialism and capitalism. These ideas shared certain characteristics: an egalitarian distribution of goods, frequently with the total abolition of money, and citizens only doing work which they enjoy and which is for the common good, leaving them with ample time for the cultivation of the arts and sciences. One classic example of such a utopia was Edward Bellamy’s Looking Backward. Another socialist utopia is William Morris’ News from Nowhere, written partially in response to the top-down (bureaucratic) nature of Bellamy’s utopia, which Morris criticized. However, as the socialist movement developed it moved away from utopianism; Karl Marx in particular became a harsh critic of earlier socialism he described as utopian.

Utopias have also been imagined by the opposite side of the political spectrum. For example, Robert A. Heinlein’s The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress portrays an individualistic and libertarian utopia. Capitalist utopias of this sort are generally based on free market economies, in which the presupposition is that private enterprise and personal initiative without an institution of coercion, government, provides the greatest opportunity for achievement and progress of both the individual and society as a whole.

Answer questions 1 to 5 by choosing the correct letter A to F .

Which of the writers in the box below...

1. imagined a utopia based on individual freedom?
2. first used the word ‘utopia’?
3. wrote about a bureaucratic socialist utopia?
4. first described a utopian society?
5. distanced himself from utopian socialism?
’答案：1. F
答案1F  2A  3C  4B  5E（复制黑色部分即可看到）