在讲今天的内容之前,我想通过一组句子来测测大家的眼力:
1.Solve these problems is likely to need more than a simple rise in the price of petrol.
2.His job is play all kinds of music.
3.People spend many hours watch television and play with their computers, so they do not do so much physical exercise.
这三个句子都是在学生作文中出现过的,但细看,我们会发现这三个句子都存在着语法错误。
第一个句子,正确的改法是将solve改为solving;
第二个句子正确的改法是将watch, play分别改为watching, playing;
第三个句子正确的改法是将play改为playing。
在这三个句子中,如果不将solve; watch; play改掉,则会出现一个句子同时含有两个动词的情况。其实,这类错误在学生的作文中比比皆是。今天,我要给大家讲的就是动名词在雅思写作中的一个运用。
1)动名词作主语译:提高燃料价格不能解决所有的环境问题。(C8 T3 W)
Increasing the cost of fuel could not resolve all environmental problems.
在这个句子中,我们首先需要确定的是句子的主语和动词。该句的主语为提高燃料价格,动词为解决。但不巧的是,主语里面还含有动词提高。此种情况下,我们就需要将提高改变形式——动词后加-ing,即动名词。
练习1:在屏幕前坐太久会对孩子的眼睛和身体姿势产生伤害。(C6 TB W)
Sitting in front of a screen for too long can be damaging to both the eyes and the physical posture of a young child.
练习2:与其他小朋友共度时光以及分享真实的经历是儿童发展的重要部分。(C6 TB W)
Spending time with other children and sharing non-virtual experience is an important part of a child’s development.
这里重点需要强调的就是动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
2)动名词作表语
译:总的来说,距离远时,最快的方式是拼车,距离短时,最好的方式是走路或者骑自行车。
Overall, for long distances, the quickest way to travel is sharing a car, but for short distances, the best is walking or cycling.
3)动名词作宾语
译:总之,我认为长期缓解交通和污染问题有赖于教育公众更多地使用公共交通工具,有赖于政府使用公众资金建造和运营有效的公共系统。(C8 T1 W)
In conclusion, I think that long-term traffic and pollution reductions would depend on educating the public to use public transport more, and on governments using public money to construct and run efficient systems.
练习:在学校,孩子将体验与来自社会不同背景的人工作和生活。
At school, children will experience working and living with people from a whole society of backgrounds from the wider society.
动名词作宾语,其实质就是有些动词后若接动词必须使用-ing形式。对于这部分动词,这里我也作了一个小结,如:
admit/appreciate/avoid/consider/deny/enjoy/escape/finish/imagine/keep/mind/practice/risk/stand/feel like/cannot help
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