在备战雅思小作文时,相信考生们都会在大脑中储存一定的词汇和句式。的确,有了这些表达,我们的写作过程会变得轻松许多,但这是否意味着我们就一定能够写出准确无误的句子呢?我想答案并非是肯定的。所以,今天我将借此机会对这些词汇表达上的易错点作一个简单的梳理,希望各位考生能够引起注意。
(1)介词
increase to VS increase by VS increase in VS an increase of
在表达...上升时,我们的脑海中会立马出现increase这个词,但如果要和介词搭配起来,许多考生可能就懵了。上面列举了increase后常接的四个介词,那么它们的用法上到底有什么区别呢?
increase to:增加到
increase by:增加了
increase in:在...增加
an increase of:增加了(增幅)
以上是从翻译的角度上来说的,简而言之,to表示增加到了某一个值,by表示增加的量,in表示某方面的增加,of也表示增加的幅度,并且常用于an increase of句式中。
E.g. Between January and March, there was a slight increase ______ student numbers.
Between January and March, student numbers increased slightly from 90 ______ 100.
Between January and March, there was a slight increase _____ ten students.
Animal numbers increased ______ 20% during this period.
在上面的例子中,填入的介词依次是in; to; of; by。不知道你有没有区分开来呢?如果大家对于increase to 和increase by 仍然有疑虑,我们不妨采用increase from A to B的句型来辅助记忆。同理,对于其它类上升减少的词的介词搭配也是一样。
increase to VS increase by VS increase in VS an increase of
在表达...上升时,我们的脑海中会立马出现increase这个词,但如果要和介词搭配起来,许多考生可能就懵了。上面列举了increase后常接的四个介词,那么它们的用法上到底有什么区别呢?
increase to:增加到
increase by:增加了
increase in:在...增加
an increase of:增加了(增幅)
以上是从翻译的角度上来说的,简而言之,to表示增加到了某一个值,by表示增加的量,in表示某方面的增加,of也表示增加的幅度,并且常用于an increase of句式中。
E.g. Between January and March, there was a slight increase ______ student numbers.
Between January and March, student numbers increased slightly from 90 ______ 100.
Between January and March, there was a slight increase _____ ten students.
Animal numbers increased ______ 20% during this period.
在上面的例子中,填入的介词依次是in; to; of; by。不知道你有没有区分开来呢?如果大家对于increase to 和increase by 仍然有疑虑,我们不妨采用increase from A to B的句型来辅助记忆。同理,对于其它类上升减少的词的介词搭配也是一样。
at + 数值
首先要介绍的是和at搭配的两个短语stand at和peak at,stand at+数值表示达到某个值,peak at+数值表示达到最高值多少多少,如
(1)1940年,65岁以上人口的比例在日本仅为5%。
In 1940, the proportion of people over 65 stood at only 5% in Japan.
首先要介绍的是和at搭配的两个短语stand at和peak at,stand at+数值表示达到某个值,peak at+数值表示达到最高值多少多少,如
(1)1940年,65岁以上人口的比例在日本仅为5%。
In 1940, the proportion of people over 65 stood at only 5% in Japan.
(2)尤其在1998年,它曾一度达到了约5.3%的最高值。
Particularly in 1998, it peaked at approximately 5.3%.
此外,at还可以直接引入数值,如:
The cheapest form of transport is the bus, at ₤0.40 per kilometer.
表时间范围的介词 between...and...; from...to...;in + 年/月;during this period; over the next ...years
此外,at还可以直接引入数值,如:
The cheapest form of transport is the bus, at ₤0.40 per kilometer.
表时间范围的介词 between...and...; from...to...;in + 年/月;during this period; over the next ...years
(2)词性
在描写趋势变化时,我们还可以加入一些修饰词,对于这些修饰词可以采用形容词形式也可以采用副词形式。考生常犯的一类错就是词性使用有误。如:
a slightly decrease
increased steady
a steady grow
在第一个例子中正确的形式应该是a slight decrease,因为形容词修饰名词;在第二个例子中正确形式应该是increased steadily,因为动词用副词修饰;第三个例子中,grow应该改为growth,因为前面出现了a,表明这里应使用名词形式。
在描写趋势变化时,我们还可以加入一些修饰词,对于这些修饰词可以采用形容词形式也可以采用副词形式。考生常犯的一类错就是词性使用有误。如:
a slightly decrease
increased steady
a steady grow
在第一个例子中正确的形式应该是a slight decrease,因为形容词修饰名词;在第二个例子中正确形式应该是increased steadily,因为动词用副词修饰;第三个例子中,grow应该改为growth,因为前面出现了a,表明这里应使用名词形式。
(3)修饰词
对于可数和不可数名词的修饰词也需要引起考生的注意,考生经常在amount; number; few; less; much; many几个修饰词上出错,如:
The chart shows the amount of people visiting wildlife reserves.
The five charts illustrate the number of water consumed per person in different countries.
From the chart, we could say that women generally work less hours than men.
There are twice as much polar bears as 30 years ago.
...
在上面的例子中,amount,number, less; much应该依次改为number; amount;fewer;many。最后,总结起来,修饰可数名词的有:the number of; fewer; many;修饰不可数的为:the amount of; less; much.
对于可数和不可数名词的修饰词也需要引起考生的注意,考生经常在amount; number; few; less; much; many几个修饰词上出错,如:
The chart shows the amount of people visiting wildlife reserves.
The five charts illustrate the number of water consumed per person in different countries.
From the chart, we could say that women generally work less hours than men.
There are twice as much polar bears as 30 years ago.
...
在上面的例子中,amount,number, less; much应该依次改为number; amount;fewer;many。最后,总结起来,修饰可数名词的有:the number of; fewer; many;修饰不可数的为:the amount of; less; much.
以上就是我为大家总结出的雅思小作文中易犯的一些表达上的错误,看似简单,实则反映出了许多的细节问题。希望各位考生能够避开这些错误,增加语言表达的准确性。